The tenebrionid genus Eschatomoxys Blaisdell is revised with descriptions of four new species, E. pholeter, E. paco, E. rosei, and E. andrewsi. Eschatomoxys wagneri Blaisdell, the type species, and E. tanneri Sorenson and Stones, are redescribed with illustrations and a key for the identification of all species. The biology of these rare beetles is discussed with emphasis on the cave dwelling species. The species have metapopulations fragmented among cave and island habitats.